Volume 13: Derbyshire and Staffordshire

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Current Display: Norbury 2, Derbyshire Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
Inside the church by the west wall of the nave
Evidence for Discovery
See Norbury 1.
Church Dedication
SS. Mary and Barlock
Present Condition
Although incomplete, being broken along the top and bottom edges, the carved detail survives well on A. B and C are damaged, showing signs of being dressed-off with the detail on the lower two-thirds of C missing along with the lower quarter of B, likely as a result of reuse as a building component. C is particularly worn.
Description

Being cemented to the floor close to the church wall makes the carving on D particularly difficult to see, though it can still be seen with the use of a mirror. But it is not possible to photograph the carving on C. The edges of the shaft are formed by cable mouldings with alternate wide and narrow strands; that between C and D is damaged and has lost its definition.

A (broad): A complete interlace pattern using four strands, each of which is divided into two by a median-incised line. The pattern forms a repeated series of mirrored turned loops (complete pattern E: Cramp 1991, fig. 14), which diminish in width towards the top according to the taper of the shaft. The pattern is truncated at the top and base, and the edge mouldings are damaged especially on the left.

B (narrow): This face contains a four-stranded interlace pattern with median-incised strands (simple pattern F: Cramp 1991, fig. 23) which is truncated at the top and bottom where the pattern has been dressed off. It too diminishes in width as the shaft tapers towards the top.

C (broad): The damage and wear sustained to this face means only the upper third or so of the carving is clearly visible. This forms a four-stranded interlace with double strands which is truncated at the top and worn/damaged at the bottom. The strands terminate in loops turning the strands back on themselves. Below is the outline of a figure of which only the upper part survives. It appears to have upraised arms which touch the lower extremities of the interlace above; the exact relationship is unclear. The head seems to face to the left, although this impression may be due to damage. The hair around the top of the head is articulated as a series of close curls, like those featured on Norbury 1.

D (narrow): As face B. There appears to be a terminal at the bottom of the interlace but, due to excessive damage to the shaft, this is uncertain.

Discussion

The extant carving is relatively well-executed and, as with Norbury 1, suggests significant investment on the part of those responsible for its production. Again, the decorative scheme is typical of Viking Age sculpture with the extensive use of interlace patterns on all faces. The complex pattern on A is of a type which is found concentrated in the Dove Valley region, at Ilam (1), Alstonefield (1) and Checkley (1), dated to the tenth century. Likewise, the figure on C, with its upraised arms, is also found at Ilam (1) and Checkley (1) and may reflect local expression, suggesting collusion with the carvers or patrons in that region.

Date
Early- to mid-tenth century
References
(—) 1903a; (—) 1903b; Cox 1903a, 39, 214–15; Cox 1903b, 96; Allen 1903, 97–101; Le Blanc Smith 1904a, 195; Le Blanc Smith 1904b, 239; Allen 1905, 283; Le Blanc Smith 1905b, 96, 100, 104, 106; Jourdain 1905–6, 174; Le Blanc Smith 1906, 229; Arnold-Bemrose 1910, 107; (—) 1914b, 383; Beckett 1921–2, 140; Tudor 1927, 46; Tudor 1929, 59, 177; Routh 1937a, 34, pl. XVII c; Routh 1937b, 37–8, pl. XVII c; Jeavons 1945–6, 112, pl. XIX.3; Pape 1946–7, 48–9; Kendrick 1949, 77; Fisher 1959, 71–2; Spittle 1961, 247; Whitaker 1974, 87; Pevsner and Williamson 1978, 290; Plunkett 1984, 134–5, 138–9, 303, 356, pl. 42; Craven and Stanley 1986, 12, 27; Leonard 1993, 17, 78; Sidebottom 1994, 103, 149, 261–2 (Norbury 2)
P.S.
Endnotes

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